Meanwhile, pursuant to a referendum proposing secession from the rest of the country, South Sudan became independent in 2011. Specifically, a warrant issued in July 2010 accuses Bashir of committing genocide “by killing”, “by causing serious bodily or mental harm,” and “by deliberately inflicting on each target group conditions of life calculated to bring about the group’s physical destruction.” The ICC subsequently issued warrants for Sudanese President Omar Bashir on several charges including (eventually) genocide. A United Nations commission created to investigate the question (among others) declined to declare that a genocide had occurred, but did defer further investigation to the International Criminal Court (ICC). Bush) all labeled the violence in Darfur “genocide” perpetrated by the government and its allied forces. Congress, Secretary of State, and President (George W.
Following the lead of several scholars (e.g., Eric Reeves, Gérard Prunier), and activists (e.g., John Prendergast and his Enough Project), the U.S. The government of Sudan responded by mobilizing so-called janjaweed militias, which waged a scorched earth campaign against civilians in the region. Although the rebels in Darfur did not claim or seek common cause with those in the south, they pursued similar objectives, including greater autonomy from Khartoum-based control. In 2003, a rebellion broke out in the western region of Darfur. Areas such as Blue Nile, South Kordofan and witnessed attacks against civilians, frequently originating from the national army or from sources affiliated with it. The government of Sudan repeatedly employed a strategy of targeting civilians in particular regions, as part of an effort to deter support for the rebellion against it. Identity based divisions, both between and within the warring sides, characterized both phases – the 1955-1972 “First Sudanese Civil War” and the 1983-1995 “Second Sudanese Civil War” – of what turned out to be an enduring conflict. When Sudan attained independence (from Great Britain) in 1956, it inherited a rebellion by southern rebels against Khartoum-based rule.
0 kommentar(er)
